Les Miserables Free Essays

string(137) " take a bullet to save someone else life, but even worse, when the guy you risked your life for doesn’t feel the same way towards you\." Page One The theme of this book is the importance of love and compassion, and social injustice. Three genres that affect the theme in Les Miserables are: Historical Research, Literary Analysis and Creative Element. The historical research gave you knowledge of the author, and what was going on when Victor Hugo was writing this book. We will write a custom essay sample on Les Miserables or any similar topic only for you Order Now The literary analysis allowed you to get content from the book and provided examples of the theme. The creative element allowed you to present it as how you pictured it. While doing the historical research I found out about Victor Hugo’s love life. It revealed that he had had an affair with a girl named Juliette while being married to Adele. He chooses to spend his life with Juliette instead Adele. In Victor’s life he was involved in politics and he had shared his views by being mayor in the book. The literary analysis provided examples from the book to show that the book had romanticism through tragedy. In the book Eponine dies for Marius by blocking the bullet that was headed towards him because she loved him. Jean Valjean dies because Cosette is taken away from him, because she has found another male figure in her life. The creative element had me put the facts I learned from the historical analysis of the author and the examples from the book from the literary analysis and put it in my own view. The genre that interested me the most was the Historical research because I found out about Hugo’s life that had me understand his views on topics. The most challenging genre was literary analysis because I had to provide 4 pages of evidence. Historical Research Paper Victor Hugo is a famous worldwide literary, that gained his fame through two of his major works The Hunchback of Notre Dame and Les Miserables. Victor was born in Besancon in 1802. Since he was young he had a calling for literary. At age 13 he had won numerous awards for his poems. During the 1820’s he was claimed as one of the leading figures of the French Romantic movement. Later his rank was greater due to his play â€Å"Hernani†. During the 1830’s Hugo focused in theatre. In this time he was having problems with his wife, Adele, so he began a relationship with an actress in one of his plays, Juliette Drouet. This relationship lasted fifty years. In 1841 he turned his focus on public and political issues, by becoming a Peer of France. Hugo started out as a monarchist, troubled about order being maintained. At first, Hugo welcomed and supported Louis Bonaparte. He later realized that his moral and political goals were not the same as his political associates. In 1851, after trying in vain to oppose the coup d’etat of the 2nd December, he and Juliette escaped the country to avoid arrest, and fled to Brussels. In his time there he published the mainstream of the works he is known for: Les Miserables, La Legende des siecles, William Shakespeare, L’Homme qui rit, and many others. One book very well known today is Les Miserables, which shows some of Hugo’s beliefs on the social and moral issues of the time. Victor Hugo had accomplished many things in his lifetime. Starting out as studying in law to becoming known as the heart of French Romanticism for being a poet, playwright, and novelist. Literary Analysis Victor Hugo once wrote â€Å"To die is nothing; but it is terrible not to live† (p. 345). The tragic elements in Victor Hugo’s Les Miserables enhance the plot, with many deaths and tragic scenes through the book. Most of these encounters happen to be for their loved ones and others are just heroic moves. These examples come from Fantine, Eponine, Javert, Fauchelevent, Cosette, and Valjean. In the beginning of the story, the first tragic part is Fantine having to leave her daughter behind in order for her to survive. She had turned to prostitution to survive at first, and this showed the damage that nineteenth-century French society cruelly affects the less fortunate. After Jean Valjean idea factory is set she decides to work there but they do not allow kids. She has to suffer and leave he daughter behind with strangers who to her seemed friendly and caring, to make sure Cosette has a good life. Fantine though gets very sick through malnutrition because all her money was going toward Cosette, but the shock of Jean Valjean being a criminal had killed her (p. 103). Then we find out that Cosette is being mistreated by the Thenardiers, She is treated worse that their dog, the dog is given more attention and care. The money that Fantine was sending the Thernadier is used for their own purposes. As Cosette get older, she becomes their slave and maid, doing whatever they command. It was sad seeing how badly a little innocent girl was being treated, because she did not deserve it, and couldn’t do anything about it being so young. As the treatment escalates overtime, Jean Valjean takes her away from the family and rescues her. â€Å"He expects you no longer† (p 165). This line has Marius in tears knowing he was to late. His father was expecting him, but he couldn’t hold on any longer and died. Marius has mix emotions at first, he started out mad because his father left him, but then he finds out that he didn’t leave him by choice. He left him because he was forced to and becomes devastated for not coming any sooner and for being angry with his father. â€Å"Did you see a musket aimed at you? † â€Å"Yes, and a hand which stopped it. † â€Å" That was mine. † (p. 288) These lines represent the amount of love Eponine had for Marius, she would even risk her life for him. When the bullet was directed towards Marius, Eponine stood in front of it. Its tragic for someone to take a bullet to save someone else life, but even worse, when the guy you risked your life for doesn’t feel the same way towards you. You read "Les Miserables" in category "Essay examples" The only thing that she asked of him was a kiss on her forehead. There was also a point when Cosette was near death. When she and Jean were running away from Javert, she becomes so cold and weak. If it weren’t for Fauchelevant she would have died then and there. Because Jean had saved his life he felt he had to return the favor and help him hide out in convent. After sometime Fauchelevant dies of old age and leaves his position as gardener to Jean. Javert is so preoccupied with enforcing society’s law and morals that he doesn’t notice he is living by mistaken beliefs. Though when Valjean finally gives Javert proof that a man is not essentially bad because the law says he is, Javert is unable to turn Jean in. When Javert couldn’t turn in Jean, he commits suicide, because he couldn’t live with himself. Javert could not live because he felt like he would live a dishonorable man by not turning in Jean, but Jean gave him a different point of view on criminals, which change his beliefs. One of Jean biggest fears was losing Cosette, and his fear shortly became reality. Cosette at first views herself as ugly but as she grows older her beauty starts to show, and she and others notice it as well. When Cosette stumbles across a young man named Marius, upon seeing each other they both can feel a connection. When Jean sees them looking at each other he starts to go out alone and has Cosette stay home. Then shortly he relocates them somewhere else, but their love is inseparable, and they both find each other again. When Cosette and Marius got together Jean delighted Marius, but when they get married Jean told him the truth about being an ex-convict. This had changed Marius view on Jean and he did not want his self or Cosette engaged in any activity with Jean. Jean’s fear had come true and he had lost Cosette to another man. This caused him to be very depressed with his self and unhappy in life because she was the one who taught him how to love and was the only one who had loved him and stood by his side throughout his life. Through this moment in time, Valjean became very depressed and lonely, that caused him to give up on life. He felt that no one cared for him anymore, but he was wrong. After Marius found out that he received all his money lawfully, he figured out that Jean was never really a bad guy, but misunderstood for the actions he had made long ago. When they go to his house they see how old he looks and sick and knew he was dead. â€Å"His white face looked up towards heaven, he let Cosette and Marius cover his hands with kisses; he was dead†. Javert, Fantine, and Eponine die, when they have finally realized that their dreams are not going to come true. Jean Valjean had died of old age and being lonely which caused him to not have the will to live. But then Cosette returns and he is happily ready to go. Though their deaths, other characters had changed their ways for the better. JEAN VALJEAN Creative Element: Journal Entry April 28, 1833- My last journal. I have had an incredible journey by always living on the run. Looking back at my life I could have had a normal life but I choose a different path. Although I look back and notice some stupid decisions I have made I wouldn’t have changed any of them. No one understands my life story. I started out as an innocent typical man, going to prison for stealing bread in order for my nieces and nephews to survive and have food. But then my time in prison affected me by changing my opinions on society. The criminals in prison had gotten to me and convinced me to hate society for what it has done to me. I had been committing action that I wasn’t proud of, but then I met Myriel who changed me forever, because she was the first person that loved me, so I promised her that I would become an honest man, and this was my turning point. My life was finally headed in the right direction. I managed to transform a town into a manufacturing center, which has taught me how to have compassion and generosity towards people. In my lifetime I have taken care of my own family, spent nineteen years in prison, then spent time recreating myself, then raising an incredible girl Cosette. After losing Cosette I had given up hope in living, but as soon as she came back I felt content with the adventurous life I have lived. I am a very old man and think my time is due and all I have left to say is â€Å"To die is nothing; but it is terrible not to live†. Works Cited † Victor Hugo. † 2012. Biography. com 28 Apr 2012, 03:34 http://www. biography. com/people/victor-hugo-9346557 â€Å"Victor Hugo. † Biography and Works. Search Texts, Read Online. Discuss. Web. 28 Apr. 2012. http://www. online-literature. com/victor_hugo/. â€Å"World Biography. † Victor Hugo Biography. Web. 28 Apr. 012. http://www. notablebiographies. com/Ho-Jo/Hugo-Victor. html Self-Review Page This was a very time consuming project due to its length and requirements. Throughout this essay I had strengths and weaknesses. I also had to make many decision on the topics that I choose to write about, because I choose each topic for a reason. My strengths in this project were pr oviding evidence in the literary analysis. Another strength of mine was I sympathizing and understanding Jean Valjean and being able to express that by writing a journal entry in his perspective for the creative element. Some of my weaknesses were providing enough information throughout the essay without repeating myself, and following all the instruction by tying them altogether. I have explanations to each of the topics I have chosen. I choose to write about Victor Hugo for the historical research because I believe that you need to know the background of the author to know where his points of views are coming from. As for the literary analysis I chose to write about tragedy because throughout the book there are very sad instances and some of those moments include death. How to cite Les Miserables, Essay examples

Public Health Policy Theoretical Framework

Question: Describe about the Public Health Policy for Theoretical Framework . Answer: Introduction: Development of a proper and justifiable theoretical framework is the first important step that a policy maker will adapt in order to design a particular public health policy. This is important in the sense that it will lead the policy makers to summarize all the important pros and cons that would be faced during the implementation thereby making the policy makers aware of the challenges and the demands that the situation requires. Moreover creating a theoretical framework also helps in the establishment of the clear motives and aims that would lead to a successful policy, including all necessary steps and actions and excluding any negative aspects that may help in the benefit of public. In such a scenario, policy making for the family and domestic violence in Australia also would require a theoretical framework that would result in holding this concerns faced by the victims and proper implementation of laws and legislatures fir successful inhibition, making people educated enough to handle situation more maturely (Anfara Martz, 2014). Theoretical framework and application: While designing the theoretical framework for the increasing family and domestic violence all over Australia, the first step would be to recognize the perpetrator and the victims and thereby understand the various kinds of violence and the dominancy that can be seen in every case. Recognizing the level and the extreme extent of violence that can occur in every of the cases, a proper monitoring system has to be developed along with proper categorization and the levels in which each of the cases has to be assigned (Dunn, 2015). A general policy for all the victims is not benefitting in the sense because it judges all the cases from the same sense of importance irrespective of the level of violence. Therefore, it is indeed importance that policies should be prepared aiming the growing complicacies of different cases (Sabatier Weible, 2014). Proper punishments or counseling (in case of complicated cases) of the perpetrators are also should be inculcated. The next important criteria is t hat proper governing Medias should be included such as proper police forces posted on emergency situations can perform their duties well, proper formation of emergency helpline in order to prevent violence and harm from perpetrators. Another important arena that should be covered during frame working the policies are the proper arrangement of the shelter homes and social communities that would act as the shelter places for the victims and also help them to come out of depression, shocks and fear (Kettner, Moroney Martin, 2016). Councilors should be appointed who would help the victims to come out from these incidences and start life afresh. Another thing that the policy can include is to provide small jobs to the victims so that they can support them financially and help them to achieve back their self-respect (Lin, 2012). This framework is believed to cover all the aspects of FDV that when implemented into a policy can be believed to bring out a successful and overall acceptance l eading to the benefit of the Australians. Proper conductance of surveys for the correct reporting of the cases is mandatory (Larkin, Felitti Andra, 2014) Identification of existing policies: Out of the various policies, that government has published in the recent years the one that has garnered attention is the The National plan to reduce Violence against women and Children that has been conducted with a plan for 2011 to 2022. Another policy introduced by department of prime minister and cabinet is also seen to cover a wide array of different aspects of family and domestic violence and treating the victims from the grass root of the cause and wide advantages for the victims who faced family violence (Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Australia, 2016). Family and Domestic violence strategy plan has been conducted by the department of human services with several aims to reduce FDV with a plan from 2016 to 2019. Western Australia Strategic plan has been implemented by the government of Western Australia that looks solely over the protection of children and intimate partners who had been seen to be most prone to get effected from FDV. This is introduced with a planni ng of 2009 to 2013 and has been reintroduced. Identification of Stakeholders groups: In the different policies that had been implemented in the FDV, cases a variety of stakeholders have been found to be involved. Apart from the victims starting from children, women, elders of the households etc. and the perpetrators, health care professionals, social workers arranging the communities, ministers and policy makers also take active part from the benefit of the nation and thereby reduce the frequency of violence (Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Australia, 2016). The police department along with ministers involved in the public health domain have shown much interest over the issue and taken active holds of the cases reported. Counselors involved in the development of mental stability of both the victim and the perpetrators appointed by the different agencies and social communities do commendable jobs, which are praiseworthy. All of them have to been found as effective stakeholders involved in active participation for making Australia a violence free nation. Identification of political contexts: From the various policies mentioned above, one can have a clear idea about the interest of the ministers in developing a violence free nation. In the policy given from the government of Western Australia , one can see how the Minister for child protection and community services namely Robyn McSweety have helped in providing strategic plans for the protection of violence over children and intimate partners gaining appreciation from the entire Western Australia helping in her political career as well (Western Australian Government, 2016). A proper establishment of a policy that would save the victims would not only provide benefit t nation but can also assure certain position of Ministers to be assured by the voters due to their success in preventing FDV. Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet as well as social services and Human services have productive ministers giving away their best approach for the proper implementation of the effective policies. Summary of the policies: The policy produced by the Department of Prime Minister and the Cabinet mainly has included their own employees working under this sector an takes care to protect their employees from FDV and also prepare safe environments for victims so that they can stabilize themselves and prepare an environment suitable for their recovery. It has included emotional, verbal, sexual, social, economic, psychological, spiritual and physical abuse that not only affects individuals at a personal level but also affects the workplace (Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Australia, 2016). As a result, this policy has taken steps to empower individuals with variety of financial, social and mental support from the managerial level as well as for the colleagues in every ways possible even by providing money and mobile phones on loan and keeping restrooms for them as well as for their children. Leave arrangements, advance payment of salary, flexible shifts and working arrangements, short or long-term re location of the victims to another office of PMC office are several options provided to them. The National Level to reduce Violence against Women and Children was conducted through two stages first by the introduction of First Action plan that involved the foundation of a national level structure to provide with policy and service delivery for the future and to educate the community to reduce violence against women and children. It included Australias National Research Organization for Womens Safety (ANROWS) , Our WATChandThe Line social marketing campaign.The second action plan included 5 important priorities such as driving whole community action to reduce violence, invigilating various types if cases of violence, introducing innovative systems and services to reduce the incidences, allow perpetrators interventions and continue collecting evidence bases in order for successful implementation of the policies ("Domestic and Family Violence factsheet | Department of Social Services, Australian Government", 2016). The policy given by Western Australian government are based on certain basic principles about violation of human right, community handling of issues, safety management and assurance, effective acknowledgement for proper maintenance of equity on gender, creed and caste etc. They also have unique policies for children to save them from the pressures of violence (Western Australian Government, 2016). The policy given by the Human services department looks over FDV helps the nation by active responsibly, providing support to the victims and their families, responding to them respectfully and including a collaborative approach for the proper guidance and maintenance of the cases and revival for the victims ("Family and domestic violence - Australian Government Department of Human Services", 2016). Explanation of effectiveness and evaluation of the policies: The policy produced by the department of Prime minister and cabinet have put forward principles that they have been found to have been fulfilled by them through a large number of different strategies which are not only well processed but also helps victims in every aspects not only mentally but also at a physical and financial level (Chapell Curtin, 2013). The large number of varieties of help lines provided had made the ways easier by which victims can seek for help (Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Australia, 2016). The various strategies of loans and various types of supports provided from the managerial levels such as allowances of various kinds has indeed effected in providing a workplace environment protective of the victims facing serious troubles in their personal troubles make the victims strong enough to face the adverse situations with courage and come out victorious. The plans given by the department of Social services has helped the nation to ensure the proper monitoring and reporting of cases of violence that has in turn been seen to reduce the prevalence of FDV ("Domestic and Family Violence factsheet | Department of Social Services, Australian Government", 2016). It has also committed to evaluate the planning of the policy on terms of the effectiveness and efficacy. Moreover, it had also ensured significant reduction of violence within the year 2022. The policy given by western Australia was evaluated with a n effective results in the fields of the performance indicator data such as the number of cases reported, police orders issued, perpetrators charges and others. Integrated interagency response has been found to be satisfactory on the associated outcomes. The Australian Bureau of Statistics Personal safety Survey also showed the number of reported cases to have reduced in Western Australia (Roberts, Chamberlain Delfabbro, 2015). Current policy Impact on equity, social justice and social determinants: Though the policy from prime ministerial department show equity in managing the victims on the basis if caste, creed religion and gender, however other policies although demand to be taking initiatives for the entire family members if any one faces violence, but specifically aims at protecting women and children. However, it is a fact that as the women and children are more vulnerable to abuses yet, policies for older citizens abuses were found no mention (Valentine Breckenridge, 2016). On the basis of caste and creed, equal laws and help lines are provide even to aboriginal and Non aborigines that show that policies are indeed effective as the provider of equal contribution to protect them from social injustice. Apart from the gender biasness with more preference in saving children and women policies were found to be more or less based on social justice and social determinants (Cross et al., 2012). Tensions and Alliances within the stakeholder groups: In order to discuss the various alliances, one must understand the importance of alliances among different stakeholder groups. For conducting the policies properly, a healthy alliance between the minister, policy makers, health professionals, counselors and the social workers are indeed necessary for the proper implementation of the policies (Fisher et al., 2016). However, unhealthy alliances between the perpetrators and the police authority or even members of the legislation and laws can result in bailing of the perpetrators that may increase the hardship on the victims and can be recognized as negative aspects of these alliances. Theses also give rise to several tensions among other stakeholders such as the victims and perpetrators. It often reflects in the victims minds that as the perpetrators are gaining bail every time, she also loses confidence on the laws and cases stop reporting abuses on her. Those, sometimes in many cases the victims do not only report violence against the m because of emotional attachment with the perpetrators and love for them that make them tolerate negligence and dominancy from the perpetrators. However, all these lead to unreported cases which in turn results in inefficiency on producing an effective plan for prevention of FDV and filing charges against perpetrators (Gilbert et al., 2012). Evidences of the benefits of policy Alternatives: In order to cut out the various tensions, a proper monitoring authority is very much important to be included in the policy so that any kind of corruptions and unethical behaviors can be totally excluded. This needs strong vigilance over each stakeholder involved so that the problems can be totally removed from grass root level. Care should be also made to make the victims confident to report every kind of abuses to the government so that the government can have the chances to alter the policies in favour of the victims (Fisher, 2013). Education should be made an important criteria in the country through various workshops and advertisements so that the women get knowledge about the policies and how to take the help of the policies to make their lives secure of themselves or of any victims around her. All these aspects should be included in a policy so that the recent concerns mentioned can also be included in the discussion arenas and can be included. An alternative strategy having p roper reporting of cases, good monitoring system, educating people of the ill effects and many others should also be included (Baird et al., 2014). Moreover another important criteria is the handling of each and every case with the perfect level of importance and sensitivity as per the demand of the cases because each and every case are different from each other and requires difference in urgency and different treatments. Therefore, case specific policies are important after partitioning the cases into different categories depending upon definite requirements and significance (Pain, 2014). Potential impact of the alternative policy on public health principles: The alternative policy that is designed including the loopholes present in the reviewed articles of the government would help to remove the tensions and the unethical and corrupted alliances between the stakeholders thereby providing policies that would ultimately help in establishing future that would be safe for every individuals irrespective of the caste , creed and the religions. The monitoring systems would thereby help to maintain a clean system that would reduce the levels FDV on the victims (Moser, 2012). Proper reporting of cases would help to produce statistical data that would help to analyze the policies both on the quantitative and qualitative results obtained from the policies and thereby course our future proposals and planning in the different regions of Australia. Conclusion: From analyzing the various policies put forward by the governments, one can easily analyses the features and positive aspects of the policies. However, it can well be understood that preparing a theoretical framework can act as a consort or a checklist which will help us to pinpoint the aspects that are missing and should be inculcated in the policies. In such cases, alternative policies are also found to be a good aid in solving the negative issues and prepare policies that would in turn create an environment in Australia safe from family and domestic violence. References: Anfara Jr, V. A., Mertz, N. T. (Eds.). (2014).Theoretical frameworks in qualitative research. Sage publications. Baird, M., McFerran, L., Wright, I. (2014). An equality bargaining breakthrough: Paid domestic violence leave.Journal of Industrial Relations, 0022185613517471. Chappell, L., Curtin, J. (2013). Does federalism matter? Evaluating state architecture and family and domestic violence policy in Australia and New Zealand.Publius: The Journal of Federalism,43(1), 24-43. Chappell, L., Curtin, J. (2013). Does federalism matter? Evaluating state architecture and family and domestic violence policy in Australia and New Zealand.Publius: The Journal of Federalism,43(1), 24-43. Cross, T. P., Mathews, B., Tonmyr, L., Scott, D., Ouimet, C. (2012). Child welfare policy and practice on children's exposure to domestic violence.Child abuse neglect,36(3), 210-216. Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, Australia,. (2016). Retrieved 26 October 2016, from https://www.apsc.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0008/80954/domestic-family-violence-policy.pdf Domestic and Family Violence factsheet | Department of Social Services, Australian Government. (2016). Dss.gov.au. Retrieved 26 October 2016, from https://www.dss.gov.au/women/publications-articles/reducing-violence/domestic-and-family-violence Dunn, W. N. (2015).Public policy analysis. Routledge. Family and domestic violence - Australian Government Department of Human Services. (2016). Humanservices.gov.au. Retrieved 26 October 2016, from https://www.humanservices.gov.au/customer/subjects/family-and-domestic-violence Fisher, C. (2013). Changed and changing gender and family roles and domestic violence in African refugee background communities post-settlement in Perth, Australia.Violence against women,19(7), 833-847. Fisher, M., Milos, D., Baum, F., Friel, S. (2016). Social determinants in an Australian urban region: a complexitylens.Health promotion international,31(1), 163-174. Gilbert, R., Fluke, J., O'Donnell, M., Gonzalez-Izquierdo, A., Brownell, M., Gulliver, P., ... Sidebotham, P. (2012). Child maltreatment: variation in trends and policies in six developed countries.The Lancet,379(9817), 758-772. https://www.dcp.wa.gov.au/Documents/WA%20FDV%20Prevention%20Strategy%20to%202022.pdf Kettner, P. M., Moroney, R. M., Martin, L. L. (2016).Designing and managing programs: An effectiveness-based approach. Sage Publications. Larkin, H., Felitti, V. J., Anda, R. F. (2014). Social work and adverse childhood experiences research: Implications for practice and health policy.Social work in public health,29(1), 1-16. Lin, J. Y. (2012).New structural economics: A framework for rethinking development and policy. World Bank Publications. Moser, C. (2012).Gender planning and development: Theory, practice and training. Routledge. Pain, R. (2014). Everyday terrorism Connecting domestic violence and global terrorism.Progress in Human Geography,38(4), 531-550. Roberts, D., Chamberlain, P., Delfabbro, P. (2015). Women's experiences of the processes associated with the Family Court of Australia in the context of domestic violence: a thematic analysis.Psychiatry, Psychology and Law,22(4), 599-615. Sabatier, P. A., Weible, C. (Eds.). (2014).Theories of the policy process. Westview Press. Valentine, K., Breckenridge, J. (2016). Responses to family and domestic violence: supporting women?.Griffith Law Review,25(1), 30-44.

Emily Dickinson Essays (1922 words) - American Christians

Emily Dickinson Emily Dickinson's world was her father's home and garden in a small New England town. She lived most of her life within this private world. Her romantic visions and emotional intensity kept her from making all but a few friends. Because of this life of solitude, she was able to focus on her world more sharply than other authors of her time were. Her poems, carefully tied in packets, were discovered only after she had died. They reveal an unusual awareness of herself and her world, a shy but determined mind. Every poem was like a tiny micro-chasm that testified to Dickinson's life as a recluse. Dickinson's lack of rhyme and regular meter and her use of ellipsis and compression were unimportant as long as her poetry was encouraged by it. Although some find her poetry to be incomprehensible, illiterate, and uneducated, most find that her irregular poetic form are her original attempts at liberating American poetry from a stale heritage. Her poetry was the precursor to the modern spirit with the influence of transcendentalism not puritanism. Her treatment of Death and profound metaphysical tendencies were part of the singular nature of her genius. Emily's simple language draws rich meanings from common words. The imagery and metaphors in her poetry are taken from her observations of nature and her imagination. She approached her poetry inductively, combining words to arrive at a conclusion the pattern of words suggested, rather than starting with a specific theme or message. Her use of certain words resulted in one not being able to grasp her poetry with only one reading. She paid minute attention to things that nobody else noticed in the universe." She was obsessed with death and its consequences especially the idea of eternity. She once said, "Does not Eternity appear dreadful to you... I often get thinking of it and it seems so dark to me that I almost wish there was no Eternity. To think that we must forever live and never cease to be. It seems as if death which all so dread because it launches us upon an unknown world would be a relief to so endless a state of existence." Dickinson heavily believed that it was important to retain the power of consciousness after life. The question of mental cessation at death was an overtone of many of her poems. The imminent contingency of death, as the ultimate source of awe, wonder, and endless questions, was life's most fascinating feature to Dickinson. Dickinson challenges the mysteries of death with evasion, despair, curiosity or hope in her poetry as means to clarify her curiosity. From examining her poems of natural transitions of life and death, changing states of consciousness, as a speaker from beyond the grave, confronting death in a journey or dream and on the dividing line of life and death one can see that Dickinson points to death as the final inevitable change. The intensity of Dickinson's curiosity about dying and her enthusiasm to learn of the dying persons' experience at the point of mortality is evident in her poetry. She studies the effect of the deads' disappearance, on the living world, in a hope to conjecture something about the new life they are experiencing after death. Dickinson believes that a dying person's consciousness does not die with the body at death but rather it lives on and intensifies. In To know just how He suffered-would be dear To know just how He suffered -- would be dear -- To know if any Human eyes were near To whom He could entrust His wavering gaze -- Until it settle broad -- on Paradise -- To know if He was patient -- part content -- Was Dying as He thought -- or different -- Was it a pleasant Day to die -- And did the Sunshine face his way -- What was His furthest mind -- Of Home -- or God -- Or what the Distant say -- At news that He ceased Human Nature Such a Day -- And Wishes -- Had He Any -- Just His Sigh -- Accented -- Had been legible -- to Me -- And was He Confident until Ill fluttered out -- in Everlasting Well -- And if He spoke -- What name was Best -- What last What One broke off with At the Drowsiest -- Was He afraid -- or tranquil -- Might He know How Conscious Consiousness -- could grow -- Till Love that was -- and Love too best to be

Connection Between GMOs and Evolution

Connection Between GMOs and Evolution While different organizations seem to have differing opinions on this widely used technique in the world of nutrition, the fact is that agriculture has been using GMO plants for decades. Scientists believed it would be a safer alternative to using pesticides on crops. By using genetic engineering, scientists were able to create a plant that was inherently immune to pests without the harmful chemicals. Are GMOs Safe to Consume? Since the genetic engineering of crops and other plants and animals is a relatively new scientific endeavor, no long-term studies have been able to produce a definitive answer on the question of safety of the consumption of these modified organisms. Studies are continuing into this question and will scientists will hopefully have an answer for the public about the safety of GMO foods that is neither biased nor fabricated. GMOs and the Environment There have also been environmental studies of these genetically modified plants and animals to see the effects of these changed individuals on the overall health of the species as well as the evolution of species. Some concerns that are being tested are what effects do these GMO plants and animals have on the wild type plants and animals of the species. Do they behave like invasive species and try to out compete natural organisms in the area and take over the niche while the regular, non-manipulated organisms begin to die out? Does the changing of the genome give these GMOs a sort of advantage when it comes to natural selection? What happens when a GMO plant and a regular plant cross-pollinate? Will the genetically modified DNA be found more frequently in the offspring or will it continue to hold true to what we know about genetic ratios? GMOs and Natural Selection If the GMOs do happen to have an advantage for natural selection and live long enough to reproduce while the wild type plants and animals begin to die out, what does this mean for the evolution of those species? If that trend continues where the modified organisms seem to have the desired adaptation, it stands to reason that those adaptations will be passed down to the next generation of offspring and become more prevalent in the population. However, if the environment changes, it could be that the genetically modified genomes are no longer the favorable trait, then natural selection could swing the population in the opposite direction and cause the wild type to become more successful than the GMO. There have not been any definitive long-term studies published yet that can link the advantages and/or disadvantages of having organisms that have been genetically modified just hanging around out in nature with wild plants and animals. Therefore, the effect GMOs would have on evolution is speculative and has not been fully tested or verified at this point in time. While many short-term studies do point to the wild type organisms being affected by the presence of the GMOs, any long-term effects that will impact the evolution of the species is yet to be determined. Until these long-term studies have been completed, verified, and supported by evidence, these hypotheses will continue to be debated by scientists and the public alike.

The Challenges Faced by African-Americans in Securing Education Assignment

The Challenges Faced by African-Americans in Securing Education - Assignment Example Among the huge challenges that people faced in trying to establish education for African-Americans was widespread discrimination that came in the form of disproportionate apportioning of education funds. In the late 1890s, white politicians agitated for the division of tax money for education based on race. This move came after the white politicians thought that the white people were paying more taxes towards the education of African-American children. Very few African-Americans received any form of education prior to the establishment of educational institutions during the reconstruction. Most of the schools that existed during this period were segregated without any debate or thought (Washington 44). Most white leaders permitted this form of segregation on the belief that the arrangement would ameliorate conflicts. States in the North and South had public schools, which were highly segregated, and this was a huge challenge for the African- Americans wishing to get some form of education. Even in schools where African-America children were enrolled, the children were subjected to taunts of racial epithets. Moreover, such schools were under the mercy of the state government, which was controlled by whites. Most whites did not want education for African-Americans due to the fear that they would become a threat to their dominance and fail to be content with jobs in domestic services and fields (Washington 44). Although William Dubois and Booker T Washington were born and raised in the Northern part of the USA, which was tolerant and liberal towards African –Americans than the south, they had different ideas on how to help the African-Americans from prejudice faced under the white majority.  

US border patrol UAV programs in Texas Case Study - 1

US border patrol UAV programs in Texas - Case Study Example The US Customs and Border Protection is an Agency quite known for its role in the protection of US borders. In fact, the specific Agency is responsible for the safety of Americans from terrorism or from illegal trade developed through the country’s borders.The successful implementation of plans related to issues of national importance, such as the protection of a country’s borders, is usually depended on a series of factors, such as the resources and the time available. The illegal entrance in USA is also controlled by the above Agency. Because of its crucial role in securing the safety of Americans from illegal activities, as indicatively mentioned above, the US Customs and Border Protection Agency has increased its value as a workplace offering many prospects to interested candidates. Current paper examines the profile of the specific Agency and its potentials/ value as a workplace; reference is made to a particular program of the above Agency: the US border patrol UA V programs in Texas. It is proved that the particular programs could offer a series of benefits to candidates who would be interested in working in the particular area. Of course, certain challenges related to the particular sector, as a workplace, cannot be avoided; however, these challenges could be easier confronted if the candidates were given the necessary support since their entrance in the particular service. II. US BORDER PATROL UAV PROGRAMS IN TEXAS IIa. US Customs and Border Protection - profile The U.S. Customs and Border Protection is an Agency focusing on the protection of the borders of US from any potential threat – meaning terrorist attacks, violation of trade laws, illegal immigration and so on. The value of the Agency in enhancing the safety of the public in USA can be made clear through the Agency’s mission statement: ‘We safeguard the American homeland at and beyond our borders; we protect the American public against terrorists and the instrum ents of terror’.1 The Agency’s mission statement also refers to the enforcement of the national laws especially in regard to the ‘international trade and travel’.2 In other words, the Agency has the responsibility for controlling the areas cited near the borders of US for any illegal activity; borders, in the above context, include land, water and air. The importance of the above targets for the members of the Agency is reflected in the Agency’s statement regarding its core values, as promoted through its members; it is explained that ‘the safety of all Americans’3 is the key priority of the members of the Agency. Additional values of the Agency are the following ones: the enhancement of the rules of the American constitution and the alignment of the Agency’s activities with ‘the highest morals principles’.4 The mission of the particular Agency, as described above, is quite challenging, especially if taking into cons ideration the importance of the country’s borders not just in terms of the economy, i.e. for controlling the value of goods imported in the country, but also in terms of the risks for criminal activity. Reference is made especially to the continuous increase of illegal immigrants entering the country – despite the hard efforts of CBP to monitor carefully the movement of persons and goods through the country’s borders. However, the effectiveness of CBP cannot be denied – especially if taking into consideration the size of USA – and the expansion of its borders. In order for the Agency to be able to respond to its mission, emphasis has been given on its structure.5 The Commissioner monitors all activities of the Agency; at the next level, five directors and the Chief of the Staff have been appointed to its of the CBP main departments –‘ Civil Rights, Policy & Planning, Trade Relations,

Problems with the Channel Tunnel Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Problems with the Channel Tunnel Project - Essay Example This paper discusses that the Channel Tunnel project represents one of the greatest engineering feats executed in the twentieth century. The tunnel project connects England and France through a railway link that exists in the ground layer under water. This project effectively reduced the dependency on the English Channel as a means of transportation between England and France. Moreover, this project can be seen as laying the basis for larger and longer tunnel projects that might one day even connect the Atlantic. On the business front, the Channel Tunnel project represents one of the largest privately funded projects ever undertaken. The project relied on the cooperation between two governments, several bankers providing the funding and several contractors along with numerous regulatory agencies. As mentioned before, the engineering aspects of the tunnel and its railway traffic represented new unbroken ground. This in itself represented new challenges as the Channel Tunnel forced eng ineers to do what was previously seen as impossible. As the Channel Tunnel project proceeded, several major and myriad minor changes had to be undertaken to make the project a success. The Channel Tunnel project represented something that had never been done before so the challenges confronting all teams on all fronts were new and required innovation to be dealt with successfully. Later changes in the structure of the project also mandated some large changes. Finally, as the Channel Tunnel project was commissioned, it was found that the project was both over budget and late. A number of complex factors and situations were responsible for creating delays and overruns through the life of the project. This text will attempt to analyse the complex factors that were responsible for these delays and overruns while also suggesting solutions that could be implemented in the future to avoid similar problems. These factors will be looked at in detail from the perspective of the planning and i mplementation phases that represent the greatest project management problems. 2. Problems with the Channel Tunnel Project 2.1. Planning Issues The initial planning phase demarcated that the Channel Project was to provide a fixed transportation system that connected England and France. This new transportation connection was expected to spur economic growth and development. In addition, the Channel Project was expected to aid the integration of Britain with mainland Europe in order to improve European trade. Moreover, the tunnel between England and France was expected to provide cheaper alternatives to more expensive modes of transportation such as shipping and air transport. The railway system envisioned for the purpose was also better in that it was a high-speed system when compared to both shipping and air transport. Although working for the Channel Tunnel had been on going in the seventies but the real concrete measures came through in 1984. The British and French governments agre ed to common proposals for safety, security and environmental concerns before the project was opened up for bidding. Both governments in 1985 requested the first proposals for the Channel Project. A number of proposals were submitted for the Channel Project. After an evaluation from both the British and French sides, the proposal submitted by Channel Tunnel Group / FranceManche (later Eurotunnel) was accepted. The initial proposal delineated a 32-mile double rail tunnel that was to accommodate passenger trains as well as cargo trains and a special truck and car carrying shuttle service. The initial bid price was set at some $5.5 billion for the entire project. 2.2. Shortage of Time for Planning The initial proposals were submitted in a short period and this in turn led to many oversights that could have been avoided by detailed studies. When put in a project management perspective, it could be surmised that high-level design estimates along with rough order of magnitude estimates co uld have led to better estimates as to the total scope and cost of the project. The shortage of